The All-embracing Alignment for Standardization (French: Organisation internationale de normalisation, Russian: Международная организация по стандартизации, tr. Mezhdunarodnaya organizaciya po standartizacii),1 broadly accepted as ISO, is an all-embracing standard-setting anatomy composed of assembly from assorted civic standards organizations. Founded on February 23, 1947, the alignment promulgates common proprietary, automated and bartering standards. It has its address in Geneva, Switzerland
Thursday 8 December 2011
Name and abbreviation
The three official languages of the ISO are English, French and Russian.3 The organization's logos in two of its official languages, English and French, accommodate the chat ISO, and it is usually referred to by this short-form name. The alignment says that ISO is not an acronym or abridgement for the organization's abounding name in either official language; rather, acquainted that its brand would be altered in altered languages, it adopted ISO, based on the Greek chat isos (ἴσος, acceptation equal), as the accepted abbreviate anatomy of its name.4 However, one of the founding delegates, Willy Kuert, recollected the aboriginal allotment catechism with the animadversion "I afresh apprehend that the name ISO was called because 'iso' is a Greek appellation acceptation 'equal'. There was no acknowledgment of that in London
International Standards and other publications
ISO's capital articles are the All-embracing Standards. ISO additionally publishes Abstruse Reports, Abstruse Specifications, Publicly Available Specifications, Abstruse Corrigenda, and Guides.1011
International Standards are appointed with the architecture ISO/IEC /ASTM IS nnnnn-p:yyyy Title, area nnnnn is the cardinal of the standard, p is an alternative allotment number, yyyy is the year published, and Appellation describes the subject. IEC for All-embracing Electrotechnical Commission is included if the accepted after-effects from the assignment of ISO/IEC JTC1 (the ISO/IEC Joint Abstruse Committee). ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) is acclimated for standards developed in cooperation with ASTM International. The date and IS are not acclimated for an abridged or abstruse standard, and may beneath some affairs be larboard off the appellation of a appear work.
Technical Reports are issued back "a abstruse board or subcommittee has calm abstracts of a altered affectionate from that which is commonly appear as an All-embracing Standard".10 such as references and explanations. The allotment conventions for these are the aforementioned as for standards, except TR prepended instead of IS in the report's name. Examples:
ISO/IEC TR 17799:2000 Code of Practice for Information Security Management
ISO/TR 19033:2000 Abstruse artefact affidavit — Metadata for architecture documentation
Technical Specifications can be produced back "the accountable in catechism is still beneath development or area for any added acumen there is the approaching but not actual achievability of an acceding to broadcast an All-embracing Standard". Publicly Available Specifications may be "an average specification, appear above-mentioned to the development of a abounding All-embracing Standard, or, in IEC may be a 'dual logo' advertisement appear in accord with an alien organization".10 Both are called by assemblage agnate to Abstruse Reports, for example:
ISO/TS 16952-1:2006 Abstruse artefact affidavit — Reference appellation arrangement — Allotment 1: General appliance rules
ISO/PAS 11154:2006 Road cartage — Roof amount carriers
ISO sometimes issues a Abstruse Corrigendum. These are amendments to absolute standards because of accessory abstruse flaws, account improvements, or to extend account in a bound way. Generally, these are issued with the apprehension that the afflicted accepted will be adapted or aloof at its abutting appointed review.10
ISO Guides are meta-standards accoutrement "matters accompanying to all-embracing standardization".10 They are called in the architecture "ISO/IEC Guide N:yyyy: Title", for example:
ISO/IEC Guide 2:2004 Standardization and accompanying activities — General vocabulary
ISO/IEC Guide 65:1996 General requirements for bodies operating artefact certification
International Standards are appointed with the architecture ISO/IEC /ASTM IS nnnnn-p:yyyy Title, area nnnnn is the cardinal of the standard, p is an alternative allotment number, yyyy is the year published, and Appellation describes the subject. IEC for All-embracing Electrotechnical Commission is included if the accepted after-effects from the assignment of ISO/IEC JTC1 (the ISO/IEC Joint Abstruse Committee). ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) is acclimated for standards developed in cooperation with ASTM International. The date and IS are not acclimated for an abridged or abstruse standard, and may beneath some affairs be larboard off the appellation of a appear work.
Technical Reports are issued back "a abstruse board or subcommittee has calm abstracts of a altered affectionate from that which is commonly appear as an All-embracing Standard".10 such as references and explanations. The allotment conventions for these are the aforementioned as for standards, except TR prepended instead of IS in the report's name. Examples:
ISO/IEC TR 17799:2000 Code of Practice for Information Security Management
ISO/TR 19033:2000 Abstruse artefact affidavit — Metadata for architecture documentation
Technical Specifications can be produced back "the accountable in catechism is still beneath development or area for any added acumen there is the approaching but not actual achievability of an acceding to broadcast an All-embracing Standard". Publicly Available Specifications may be "an average specification, appear above-mentioned to the development of a abounding All-embracing Standard, or, in IEC may be a 'dual logo' advertisement appear in accord with an alien organization".10 Both are called by assemblage agnate to Abstruse Reports, for example:
ISO/TS 16952-1:2006 Abstruse artefact affidavit — Reference appellation arrangement — Allotment 1: General appliance rules
ISO/PAS 11154:2006 Road cartage — Roof amount carriers
ISO sometimes issues a Abstruse Corrigendum. These are amendments to absolute standards because of accessory abstruse flaws, account improvements, or to extend account in a bound way. Generally, these are issued with the apprehension that the afflicted accepted will be adapted or aloof at its abutting appointed review.10
ISO Guides are meta-standards accoutrement "matters accompanying to all-embracing standardization".10 They are called in the architecture "ISO/IEC Guide N:yyyy: Title", for example:
ISO/IEC Guide 2:2004 Standardization and accompanying activities — General vocabulary
ISO/IEC Guide 65:1996 General requirements for bodies operating artefact certification
ISO document copyright
ISO abstracts are copyrighted and ISO accuse for copies of most. ISO does not, however, allegation for best abstract copies of abstracts in cyberbanking format. Although useful, affliction charge be taken application these drafts as there is the achievability of abundant change afore it becomes accomplished as a standard. Some standards by ISO and its official U.S. adumbrative (and the International Electrotechnical Commission's via the U.S. National Committee) are fabricated advisedly available.
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